社会生活型阅读理解——真题再现

【2015·天津】

People aren't walking any more—if they can figure out a way to avoid it. I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car. And I wasn't in any hurry, either. I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness: motorosis.

It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune(免疫的), for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good day's walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as a sign of strength and skill. It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was 45 years old I raced—and beat—a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Stature of Liberty.

Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart. But a well-known British physician, Sir Adolphe Abrhams, pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper exercise. A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. And walking is an ideal form of exercise—the most familiar and natural of all.

It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. The man walking can learn the trees, flowers, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world. He cannot learn in a car.

The car is a convenient means of transport, but we have made it our way of life. Many people don't dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat. To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete road. And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.

I say that the green of forests is the mind's best light. And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting. 1．What is the national sickness?

A．Walking too much. B．Travelling too much. C．Driving cars too much. D．Climbing stairs too much.

2．What was life like when the author was young? A．People usually went around on foot. B．People often walked 25 miles a day. C．People used to climb the Statue of Liberty. D．People considered a ten-hour walk as a hardship.

3．The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that________. A．middle-aged people like getting back to nature B．walking in nature helps enrich one's mind C．people need regular exercise to keep fit D．going on foot prevents heart disease

4．What is compared to “a steel river” in Paragraph 6? A．A queue of cars. B．A ray of traffic light. C．A flash of lightning. D．A stream of people.

5．What is the author's intention of writing this passage? A．To tell people to reflect more on life. B．To recommend people to give up driving. C．To advise people to do outdoor activities. D．To encourage people to return to walking.

【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文。作者认为全国的人们都患了一种病motorosis，即人们过多地使用汽车，而不走路。作者把现在的自己和年轻时的自己走路做了对比，同时又用专家的观点来证明自己的观点以此鼓励人们要回归走路。 1．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的最后一句“…a national sickness: motorosis.”以及前文的“The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car.”可知作者提到

的全国通病就是人们开车太多了。故C项正确。

2．A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的内容，作者年轻时靠自己的双腿去某个地方，一天走25英里路，从没感觉走路是一种痛苦。由此可知，作者年轻时人们通常靠自己的双脚到处走动。故A项正确。

3．B 推理判断题。根据第五段中的第一句“It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot.”可知作者提到Henry Thoreau是为了证明用脚走路可以丰富人类的大脑。故B项正确。

4．A 词义猜测题。根据画线词组后面的“…while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.”可知是车在等交通灯变绿，所以这里是指一排车。故A项正确。 5．D 推理判断题。总览全文可知，“我”用自己的亲身经历告诉读者现在很多人都依赖车，不自己走路了，而走路使人身体健康，丰富人的内心。作者同时引用名人名言，进一步证明自己的观点，其目的都是在鼓励人们重新回归走路。所以D项正确。